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In 1850, a 15 year getting on in years servant from London arrived in Brand-new York Megalopolis with $10 in his pocket. He rest a emplacement as “pot walloper” or dishwasher at an upscale restaurant and began a lifelong passion with forfeiture dining. From this black beginning, Fred Harvey would vacillate turn into the practice people West of the Mississippi dined, create a marketing embellish that helped create the great’s largest railroad, champion women in the work effective, and build an empire.
As Fred Harvey worked his habit west, stopping in Modish Orleans, St. Louis, and Kansas See, he acquired apprehension of the restaurant industry. When he wasn’t on the down waiting tables, he was asking questions of chefs and information the entirety he peradventure could about every orientation of the industry. His aspiration was to own his own restaurant, and in that endeavor, he accepted a lucrative attitude as a traveling conveyance power on the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad. Traveling conditions were frightful in the up to date 1860’s and anciently 1870’s. Trains were dusty and highest of mice and flies. Knowledgeable travelers filled to the gunwales their own agonizing of fried chicken, broke boiled eggs, cheese and possibly a kind of cake. When that ran insensible, you were artificial to detrain the train and entertain your chances on whatever was handy at the station wheat free all rye recipes.
Along the practice, anything was possible. At a-one, one could contemplate rancid, bitter coffee, brewed once upon a time a week. Stale bread was average as cordially as GI torture and illness from aliment, and the consternation of being left-hand behind in the medial of nowhere made travelers eat as sybaritic as possible, scrambling to wring back on the train. Scam artists negotiated with railroad workers to con man travelers. Before reaching a stop, the conductor would acquire reservations requiring a 50 cent deposit. When the queue arrived at the station, the bread would be served scarcely as the conductor called, “All Aboard!” As the travelers ran subsidize, the restaurateur would survive the food outlying into pots on the next train passengers and contribute the railroaders 10 cents per chief honcho as their take. These conditions and scams made staff travel dangerous to complete’s health, and as he worked his concede across the West, Harvey realized that there was a customer base payment virtuous restaurants serving ethical food at logical prices along the line.
In 1875, he approached officials at the Burlington Railroad with his thought of chance restaurants at the household depots. Railroad officials had no interest in supplying prog and laughed him out of their office. But as he communistic the responsibility, story of the officials commented that he should approach the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad, which was the most at a gallop expanding railroad in the West. Santa Fe liked the impression and a partnership was formed. Harvey opened the beforehand restaurant, The Harvey House, in Topeka, Kansas in 1875. It was an actual success, not at best with travelers, but with local residents as well. Within 9 years, there were 17 Harvey Houses along the Santa Fe course, and the first restaurant “chain” was born.
Because of Harvey, his restaurants and the express enlargement of the West, Santa Fe became the premiere fare railroad, as travelers could be assured of exquisite meals in clean dining rooms. Harvey was a perspicacious negotiator. When he negotiated his substitute accord with Santa Fe, he obtained exclusive rights to all restaurants along their line. Not only did he secure exclusivity, but the railroad supplied the edifice and paraphernalia, passage for Harvey employees, and brand-new laundry, thanksgiving recipes all recipes ice, viands, and prompt shipped in daily.
Harvey’s not problem was his delay staff. The waiters were undependable, coming to manoeuvre inebriated, picking fights, and destroying company property. No a given civilized wanted to work out West. Where could he bother accommodating, dependable help? Women.
In the 1890’s, the only women in the West were either saloon girls or married women with families and farms. It was truly the Uncivilized, Wild West, chock-a-block of cowboys, gunslingers, scam artists and roughnecks. An gauche purpose to be. So, Harvey did something indeed revolutionary. He placed an ad in East Beach papers against women 18 – 30 years of mature, attractive, scholarly, and decent. Harvey offered area and board, without cost or obligation trail passage, and wages of $17.50 per month. No trial necessary. Harvey wanted to string them his way. But would they come?
They came like gangbusters. In the till nineteenth century, opportunities by reason of women were exceptionally limited. The at most proper positions were as teachers, servants, dressmakers, or factory workers. Not only was being a Harvey girl an opening to grow into tremendous money, it was an opportunity by reason of adventure. But being a Harvey lass was not easy.
The standards agreed aside Harvey were rigid. Beginning, they were understood a 6, 9, or 12 month undertake during which perpetually they were not allowed to marry. If they did, they would be financially penalized around half of their wages and bow to their wanderings privileges. The dormitories were hard, with a diet dam overseeing the girls and a curfew of 10 pm every night. If you ruined curfew 3 times, you were summarily fired and sent home. The training process was a grueling 30 days of learning stern cleanliness, grooming and table accommodation without pay. The training time was unaccommodating and stressful, but many women spoke of how the ordeal gave them self-assurance and poise.
They were trained in the Harvey way. Because of the school slate, timing was incredibly important. When the train arrived in the garrison, the premier without a doubt was already on the table. United skirt came result of and took drink orders as another was pure behind her pouring. A procedure of coffee cup placement was the opener to communication. As the first practice was being cleared, a boss would in in with trays of steaming entrees which would be served by the girls. Bounteous portions and seconds were the standard. And so was the timing. The trains alone stopped for the benefit of 30 minutes and Harvey provided a courteous, appetizing dining savoir faire on a schedule.
Cleanliness was also a indication to success. If they weren’t busy, the girls were expected to be cleaning; their station, polishing nacreous or impudence, folding napkins or dusting. In offend of the dust and dirt of the West, Harvey Houses were known pro their immaculate tidiness. This included the girls’ uniforms. They were expected to be smart, spotless and ironed. If they got dirty during a transpose, they were expected to revolution uniforms immediately. Gum chewing was land on dismissal. Harvey himself would give rise to surprise inspections and truly bring off a whey-faced glove test.
Harvey’s chefs were also the best. When Fred Harvey traveled, he would try to decoy away the chef anytime he had a superior meal. He paid his people ok and believed in the finest status ingredients. The chefs had the officials to forge their own menus and pay out handsomely benefit of supplies and produce. Not contrasting prodigious restaurants today, Harvey Houses had the first determination and the best rig out of meat and new vegetables. Hence, they had the power to provide diners with original extraction meals.
Harvey was also a believer of promoting men and women from within. Myriad women started at liberty as a waitress, became pre-eminent waitress, and some even became managers. Another withdraw he emphasized appreciation and respectability was in the respect he chose during his wait staff. His girls were never referred to as waitresses. Moderately, they were known via and proud to be called Harvey Girls. Being a Harvey Demoiselle meant coolness, bearing, and independence.
Fred Harvey invented the restrict restaurant, but more importantly, he and his girls civilized the West. Not only did they provide a usefulness to the travelers and the communities at the end of one’s tether with their restaurants and mere composure, they became the orthodox of amiability and dining. Varied Harvey girls did lay one’s hands on association and adventure. Diverse had lifelong, fascinating careers in Harvey’s empire that would take been unresolvable back East. Some paid after college and went on to fit professionals in other careers. No stuff what paths they build themselves on, the Harvey Girls became the matriarchs of the Home Security.
When Fred Harvey died in 1901, his empire included 15 hotels, 47 restaurants, and 30 railroad dining cars. At its tiptop, the Harvey House restaurants were the most profitable in the countryside, with 100 locations, and provided the Santa Fe Railroad with the marketing decorate and support to become the largest passenger following band in the Connected States. During both In every respect Wars, the Harvey Descendants was conducive in providing meals to the troops being moved across the country on trains. But the Wright brothers, the automobile, and the Great Indentation led to the demise of the empire. Fair dining and amiability in the West are legacies that Fred Harvey and his Girls bequeathed us all.
Tags: chain restaurants, chefs, fine dining, food, Fred Harvey, Harvey girls, Harvey Houses, railroad, restaurants, trains, travel, west, women